The unification of China by Qin Shi Huang in 221 BCE marked a pivotal moment, not only politically but also culturally, and especially in the realm of writing. Prior to this unification, various regions of China had diverse writing forms, leading to complexities in administration and communication. To establish a more efficient and unified empire, Qin Shi Huang ordered the standardization of Chinese writing, resulting in what is now known as Small Seal Script or Xiaozhuan.